Farming Sustainably in the Age of Peak Oil

At Clear Sky Meditation Center's farm, we are starting small. Most of us are city folk with lofty ideals and little farm experience. We've read books about permaculture, biodynamics and organic farming. We have been on inspiring courses. But how do we put this into practice? How do we integrate this work into our Dharma Practice?

When it comes to actually doing it, the challenges are daunting. Farmers in Canada are struggling. Land prices are soaring. Peak Oil is near. How do we make a living AND do it well AND wake up? This is our challenge. Please join us on this journey of exploration and discovery :)

Tuesday, July 20, 2010

Clear Sky Farm Website



My clothes, hair, breath and blood smells like garlic. We've been harvesting garlic scapes for the past 3 weeks, and making some delicious products out of them - Indian Garlic Chutney and Pickled Garlic Scapes!!!

We have also finally got our Clear Sky Farm website up and running : www.clearskyfarm.ca!

We are using a hosting company called Fatcow. Websites don't need to be difficult anymore. I used a program they offered called "weebly drag and drop site builder". though simple and limiting at times, it does enough to get a basic website up quick, without needing to use HTML computer language. I still don't know what all that is.

So check out our website!! Order your garlic now!!! www.clearskyfarm.ca

My blog postings will now largely be at www.clearskyfarm.ca/wow


Thanks!

Wednesday, June 16, 2010

Awareness of Grass



I was blown away by the weekend workshop on 'native grassland reclamation/restoration' at Clear Sky. I couldn't help but think of a Buddhist tenet that applies very much to land stewardship as well....

See the wholesome for the wholesome, and make efforts to encourage it.  See the unwholesome for the unwholesome and make efforts to drop it. 

I used to look out the windows at the Rocky Mountain scenery, and dwell in a kind of idealistic feeling of beauty. Now..i realise..theres a huge problem in the so called 'wild' Rocky Mountain Trench where I live.  Fire supression has put the ecosystem off balance & forest ingrowth now means that wild & ranched inhabitants of the trench are losing out on good food.  

At the same time, invasive plant species are moving in- sulphur cinquefoil, orange hawkeweed, cheatgrass, kentucky blue grass and so on. They are slowly taking over and outcompeting the nutritious, drought tolerant native plant communities.  It astounds me how invasives came from far and wide -cheat grass comes from the mediterranean and is growing outside my back door in snowy canada!

Its amazing what a bit of education, understanding and awareness can do - I used to just walk over the weeds completely oblivious, or spread them further.  Now I'm looking forward to mapping our land, preparing a 'master plan',  reducing forest ingrowth through tree thinning, and coming up with ways to encourage the remnant native plant communities, while discouraging the unhealthy invasive plants already here, from spreading.


Heres to awareness, and encouraging the wholesome.

Monday, May 17, 2010

Native Grasslands - Cool & delicious


Clear Sky (www.clearskycenter.org ) is hosting a Grasslands Restoration / Reclamation Workshop on June 12th and 13th.  I'm really excited to see what we will discover.  "Grass" ( not the smoking stuff) doesn't sound so interesting now does it?

But when you think about the acres upon acres upon acres of land that have been replanted with traditional hay mixes or simply paved over, maintained with thousands of gallons of oil and water year after year, you start to wonder if nature could did it better.

Native Grasses, so i hear, are highly nutritious for animals, are drought hardy, attract beneficial pollinators and  support all round ecosystem health. 

For me, a feeling arises that restoring native grassland habitats on our land would be 'too difficult'.    I think of expensive native seed prices, hard work and a big whoppin 'i wouldn't know where to start'.  I have a feeling that my perceptions will change after the workshop.  I hope this course will provide some real life solutions and confidence in sowing healthier seeds on the rocky mountain grassland landscape.

http://sparkgaia.blogspot.com/

Sunday, May 16, 2010

Horse Zen in Cowboy Boots



This weekend I attended a draft horse workshop at the local Fort Steele Heritage Town.  I am excited to discover that meditation and mindfulness is directly applicable to successful horsemanship, even in Cowboy Boots:

Fort Steele Town invited Doc Hammil, an amazing horseman from Montana, to teach the course. (www.dochammill.com).  This was the real stuff. We learned about how horses think and sense and work with humans.  We learned all about harnesses and the hardware, collars, buckles, straps, shanks, lines... and of course safety, and the importance of training and consistency with horses on the ground.  Then we were thrown into wagons and given the reins.   This was real mountain learning, thrown in the deep end!   Most people there were very experienced horse people.  (unlike me)  I got the sense that this kind of teaching wouldn't have happened in Vancouver or New York.  - it didn't hold your hand like a baby, you got thrown right in with the horses, and you had to get brave and swim with it - like people traditionally learned on farms.


Natural Horsemanship: 

Doc uses the techniques of Natural Horsemanship - which emphasises communication and understanding with your horse rather than aggression. Having just read a great book about natural horsemanship,"The man who listens to horses" by Monty Roberts, I was very excited when Doc started describing similar techniques. 

You've got to be a kind, gentle but firm boss to gain the horse's respect and obedience.  If you're too soft, the horse will try to push you around, and thats where it gets physically dangerous.  If you're too hard, you may be a short term victor by aggression and domination but you 'break' any enthusiasm and eagerness a horse would also naturally have to work for their herd leader (you).  You will also probably create a whole whack of neurosis and fear around humans.

If you gain a horse's respect, then they trust that you are their herd leader and are looking out for them. Then they're willing to work and willing to ignore or have equanimity toward all the things we do to them that are naturally frightening.  Doc described how our human behaviour is very predator like - we walk in direct straight lines, we smell like meat eaters, we're aggressive.  Furthermore, the natural predators of horses are wild cats and dogs: Cats would pounce on their back (just like a saddle and rider), while wild dogs would nip at them from behind (just like a work plow or wagon). So the fact that a horse can ignore its natural flight instinct in the face of potential threat, i find wonderous - as if they were eager meditators, or disciples of their trusted human teacher, they are willing and able to learn to overcome their conditioning, their habitual patterns and instincts! 

I now feel a new sense of wonder toward animals....

We worked with over 6 of Fort Steele's beautiful Clydesdale horses, and the diverse array of wagons and farm equipment they have there. We used a walk behind single bottom plow, as watched how a set of horse drawn discs are used. Some of the old timers there described how they could plow 5 acres a day with a team of four horses.   We heard about all the 'wrecks' and tragic horse accidents - there is a lot of potential for disaster, mostly due to our human tendencies to lose concentration, focus and attention to the details of what is happening moment to moment with the horses, equipment, terrain, and our own emotions. 

Doc's message: When you're calm, horses are calm.  Remain emotionally neutral, no matter what happens.  Visualise success and perfection with no attachment to the outcome. 

Finally, a quote from one of Doc's old mentors (likely a cowboy boot wearing zen master):

"Life isn't free. You have to pay attention"

and so...the Zen of Horses


 
(PS> Clear Sky is at the end of the last mountain of the range above!)



Tuesday, May 11, 2010

A Harrowing Experience


Today was very harrowing.  Faced with the penultimate task of seeding areas of our field, I had to use HARROWS.  Yes.  Diamond Harrows in fact.  Tied to a log, attached to rope, attached to the tractor.

Now, if i was a real rancher, I'd have a fancier set of hay equipment :A big huge tractor, Discs, a Drill Seeder and a Roller.  The Drill seeder would put the seed right in the ground and cover it up with soil, nice and happily.

But i'm not a real rancher and we aren't set up for 'haying' at Clear Sky.  So I borrowed from a friend what is basically some metal spikes attached to a pole, dragged behind our baby kubota tractor- aka harrows.  It fluffs the soil up a little, you then spread the seed, and drive over it again, hopefully covering the seed.  You also pray you don't rip out all the grass that's already growing.

Well. What an all over the place experience. First I nearly snapped the harrows in half because i had the lead rope too short.  I turned a tight corner and got the big metal spikes caught in the tractor's back tire!  Luckily myself and the machines all got out of that alive.

It was also hard to remember where I had driven over, and where I had already seeded. My expensive seeding equipment consisted of a bucket of seed and my hands/arms swirling seed around, plus my feet/legs moving that apparatus to new areas.  Next time I will need to have a more organised route.  I also snapped the rope at one point turning sharply...I was about to give up out of laziness but finally decided to add a new piece of rope but I tied it WAAAY to long.  The pieces of wood i used to weigh the harrows down also kept falling off...eventually i just let them go and theres probably still one or two lying in the field somewhere.

I wondered if the neighbours could see me and were laughing at my wierd harrowing behaviour.


Lesson 1 for today: Some basic facts of life are so un-obvious to city folk who have never driven tractors or used harrrows. 

Even when faced with ropes and tractor asses and grease and large pieces of metal that look like they could crush you and your mama,  Life must go on!  The seeds must be planted!

http://sparkgaia.blogspot.com/

Sunday, May 9, 2010

Permaculture in Canada

In New Zealand there is a permaculture organisation called "PINZ" - Permaculture in New Zealand. They run a national permaculture diploma certification in NZ, and have an annual meeting where leading permaculturalists get together and share their latest research, ideas and discoveries. They publish a newsletter and their website also has a great message board with lots of info.  http://www.permaculture.org.nz/

Canada however seems to be without an organising permaculture body. Perhaps its the size of the country, or the climate, or maybe it just hasn't yet taken root quite as deeply as in the Australasia.  At any rate, i recently heard about a permaculture canada website - its actually a member forum type site - where permaculture folk can sign up and share info, ideas, photos, events etc. 

You can join Permaculture in Canada:  http://permaculturecanada.ning.com/

Under Cara @ Clear Sky I have posted some photos of a food forest, swales, gardens : http://permaculturecanada.ning.com/profile/CaraatClearSky

 It would be a wonderful thing to one day have an annual Canada permaculture conference....

Friday, May 7, 2010

Water, water, water: Swales & Drip Irrigation



Where we are in the Rocky Mountains, it is dry dry dry.

Last year, my first farming year, I struggled to remember that plants need water. A local came round one day, and I proudly showed him our potato plot and our new garden beds in the field. He looked around...he said...'wheres the water?'. GULP. I looked around, with new eyes on. It was true. The beds were parched, the earth was cracking. GULP. It was still spring, and it had been raining, up till about a week or so prior. It had promptly turned to hot, summery weather, very early. I'd assumed the plants had plenty of spring rain...which they didn't. What a blind spot!

As flakey as this sounds, I used to pretend I was very unemotional - Hard and stoic. I don't think i fooled anyone but myself, but I wonder if that negation of the 'water element' or feeling principle in my psyche affected how i treated the garden.

ANYWAY. This year I'm determined to make sure the plants get enough water. Sprinklers were crazily inefficient last year - we were getting up at 5 am and racing down to move our sprinklers. The heat and dryness evaporated most of the moisture. It felt like we were running to put out fires constantly. Mini soil fires. So the solution this year is drip irrigation, combined with swales for the food forest area.

Drip Irrigation
In early spring I spent a good amount of time working with Dripworks, an online California based drip irrigation company. Though I'd rather shop local, my only real alternative here is the local home and garden store - which caters more to hobby gardeners, and the prices reflect that. Dripworks shipped all my supplies to Montana, 1.5 hours drive away. We've nearly finished setting it up the system. Better than any gym membership, the hours of work laying out hundreds of feet of 3/4 inch, 1/2 inch and drip tape tubing has done wonders for our figures. (I'll show you my biceps if you lay out some more pipe).

Swales
Swales were always a miraculous mystery to me.
I first heard about these 'on-contour' passive irrigation 'trenches' from Jo Pearsall and Bryan Innes on their 2009 permaculture design course in Rotorua, New Zealand. I was awed by the idea that digging some ditches could 'slow down' water and give it a chance to soak into the soil. They showed videos of Australian heavy machinery building massive swales, or talked about doing it by hand. It all seemed confusing and a huge undertaking - either machine or labour wise. Swales barely registered as 'doable'.

But the next time, i was ready. I did a second permaculture course in Minnessotta, USA with Mark Shepard last October. (He's the MAN when it comes to large scale, put into practice, real life permaculture. He has 100 acres in Wisconsin, and is farming it sustainably, applying permaculture AND making a good livelihood for him and his family.) We actually dug a swale for Cathy, our host at beautiful Nature's Nest Farm just out side Minneapolis. I realised it was doable by hand, and also doable by single or double bottom plow. Maureen and I got back from Minessota that October gung ho. - we got out and DUG one 350foot swale by hand, just before freeze up!!! ( It took maybe 5 full days of labour for one person).

Come winter, with snow, melt & freeze conditions, we soon discovered our swale wasn't level. I"m not sure why - perhaps the A Frame I made wasn't up to scratch. We leveled it out by hand (using the eye). We'll see.

7 other swales, we dug with our tractor pulling our neighbour Herb's old single bottom plow - a beautiful old, sturdy, traditional implement. It saved a lot of grunt work. Thanks Herb!

Swale Video on You Tube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UFeylOa_S4c